M. Bromand Sivieri; M. Heidary; A. Gholami; H. Ghorbani
Abstract
In order to study the effects of nano iron oxide and different biofertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative yield of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in the research field of Shahrood Industrial ...
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In order to study the effects of nano iron oxide and different biofertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative yield of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in the research field of Shahrood Industrial University in 2017 growing season. Experimental treatments included the foliar spray of nano iron oxide at three levels of 0, 1.5 and 3 g L-1 as the first factor and five levels of biofertilizer including no biofertilizer (control), Glomus intraradices, G. mosseae, Azospirillum, and Azotobacter as the second factor. The results of this experiment showed that the application of fungal and bacterial treatments significantly increased the grain yield and yield components as well as the concentration of nitrogen and iron in seed, and also had a significant effect on increasing essential oil content, thymoquinone content of the essential oil, and seed oil. The most effective treatment was G. intraradices, which was able to significantly improve all traits measured. The foliar application of nano iron oxide had a significant and positive effect only on the essential oil content, biological yield, and iron and nitrogen content of the seed. The highest amount of iron and nitrogen content of the seed was obtained in nano iron oxide treatment at 3 g L-1 level. However, the essential oil content, essential oil thymoquinone percentage, seed oil content, and also biological yield did not differ significantly between the two concentrations of nano iron oxide. Therefore, it seems that the application of a lower concentration of nano iron oxide (1.5 g L-1) together with G. intraradices can improve the quantitative and qualitative yield in the medicinal plant black cumin by saving fertilizer consumption without a significant decrease in the qualitative traits measured.
Z. Bitarafan; H.R. Asghari; T. Hasanloo; A. Gholami; F. Moradi
Abstract
High demand for herbal medicines and the limited plant sources necessitates more research on these plants to increase their yield and effective compounds. The present study assessed the effect of biochar on yield and seed trigonelline content of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L.) ecotypes under ...
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High demand for herbal medicines and the limited plant sources necessitates more research on these plants to increase their yield and effective compounds. The present study assessed the effect of biochar on yield and seed trigonelline content of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L.) ecotypes under different irrigation regimes. Six branched fenugreek ecotypes including Dezful, Shushtar, Ardestan, Rehnan, Yazd and Khomeyni Shahr were treated by biochar application (at a rate of 7-8% of soil v/v) and non-application under two irrigation intervals of 4 (normal irrigation) and 8 (deficit irrigation) days using a split plot factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The study was conducted in the research field of Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran in 2015. According to the results, biochar application increased the seed yield and biological yield under both irrigation intervals. The decreasing effect of increasing water intervals on seed yield, biological yield and trigonelline yield was observed in all ecotypes. Changes in seed trigonelline content did not follow a similar trend in different ecotypes. In summary, although biochar prevented the growth and yield reduction by decreasing water deficiency effects, itdid not have any significant effect on seed trigonelline content.
Sh. Karimi Fard; A. Gholami; M. Gholipoor
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out in the research farm of Shahrood University to study the effects of ultrasonic waves and mycorrhizal fungi on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Black seed (Nigella sativa L.) in 2012. The experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete ...
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A field experiment was carried out in the research farm of Shahrood University to study the effects of ultrasonic waves and mycorrhizal fungi on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Black seed (Nigella sativa L.) in 2012. The experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments included: mycorrhizal inoculation at three levels of control (non-inoculated), recommended level and twice the recommended level as well as five exposure duration of ultrasonic waves (42 kHz) including control, 3, 5, 7 and 9 minutes. According to the results, seed yield, 1000 seed weight, root colonization percentage, biological yield and harvest index were affected by mycorrhizal fungi. Essential oil percentage and yield were significantly affected by mycorrhizal inoculation. The highest essential oil percentage was obtained from application of twice the recommended level of mycorrhizal inoculum (1.1 %). No significant difference was found for seed yield and 1000 seed weight between two inoculum treatments. Plant height, seed yield, biological yield, 1000 seed weight and essential oil percentage and yield were increased by exposure to the ultrasonic waves. The highest value of seed yield and 1000 seed weight was obtained from 7- min of exposure to ultrasonic waves (696.3 kg.ha-1 and 2.7g). Results showed that the interaction effects of mycorrhiza and ultrasonic were significant on plant height, number of capsules per plant, and essential oil percentage. The highest essential oil percentage was obtained from 9-min of ultrasonic exposure and non-inoculated treatment as well as 3-min of ultrasonic exposure and the use of mycorrhiza.